A limited accumulation of pus in tissues or organs due to their inflammation with tissue melting and cavity formation.

A device for forced oxygen supply to the lungs and removal of carbon dioxide from them.

Anemia, decreased hemoglobin content in the blood.

Pathological dilation or swelling of the thinned area of ​​the heart and vessel

A method of examination in which a radiopaque substance is introduced into the bloodstream to study the heart and large vessels.

A medical procedure that opens narrowed blood vessels.

Immobility of the joint due to fusion of the articular surfaces.

A substance capable of neutralizing oxygen free radicals.

A disease of the hematopoietic system, the basis of which is a decrease in the production of bone marrow cells.

Persistent increase in blood pressure from 140/90 mm Hg and above

A congenital heart defect in which a child is born with an abnormal opening between the left and right atria

(from the Latin “bio” – life and “opsia” – I look) – this is the taking of tissue from the body during life and their subsequent microscopic examination after staining with special dyes.

Immature blood cells, the presence of which indicates leukemia.

Spongy tissue inside the central cavities of the bones of the skeleton that plays a major role in the formation of blood cells.

A method that allows curing the most severe forms of cancer (for example, leukemia and lymphoma), aplastic anemia, congenital immunodeficiencies, hereditary metabolic diseases, etc.

A marked loss of weight caused, for example, by malnutrition, tuberculosis, malignant tumors, or parasitic helminths in the human body.

Disturbance of the frequency or sequence of heart contractions: acceleration (tachycardia) or deceleration (bradycardia) of the rhythm, premature contractions (extrasystole), disorganization of rhythmic activity (atrial fibrillation), etc.

Non-progressive damage to the central nervous system, underdevelopment of the brain, which manifests itself in movement disorders (paralysis, twitching, speech impairment), loss of balance, possibly intellectual disabilities, epilepsy.

The use of drugs to destroy malignant cells.

A pathological condition of the body caused by blood clotting disorders.

A medical device, a prosthesis, that allows to compensate for hearing loss in patients with severe or profound hearing loss.

Developmental abnormalities of the heart and large vessels that developed before birth or during childbirth.

A decrease in the content of a certain type of cell in the blood compared to the norm.

A disease of the endocrine system that occurs due to a lack of insulin and is characterized by metabolic disorders.

Surgical interventions performed on blood vessels under the control of radiographic imaging methods using special instruments.

A tumor of the central nervous system that develops from the ependymal cells of the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord.

A disease caused by damage to certain areas of the brain; this disease affects between 0.7 and 1 percent of the world’s population.

Malignant tumor of the skeletal system typically affects the lower part of the long tubular bones, ribs, pelvis, scapula, spine, and clavicle.

(gaster – stomach, stoma – anastomosis, connecting opening) – an artificially created opening connecting the stomach cavity and the surrounding environment, and drawn out on the anterior abdominal wall.

The fastest growing brain tumor that originates from glial (non-nervous) tissue

The most common primary brain tumor.

A life-threatening complication that develops after a bone marrow transplant when the transplanted material begins to attack the recipient’s body.

Developmental disorders of the heart and large vessels, leading to changes in blood flow, overload and failure of the myocardium of the heart chambers.

The process of removing certain components from donor blood and returning the remaining components to the donor’s bloodstream.

Immature precursor cells that later develop into the three main types of blood cells – white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets.

A collection of blood that has leaked from blood vessels into body cavities or surrounding tissues.

Excessive increase in the content of leukocytes in the blood

Low blood glucose levels.

Oxygen starvation in body tissues

Surgical removal of the uterus

The body’s defense reaction, its ability to resist the action of damaging agents

Decreased function of the immune system and the body’s resistance to various infections

Implantation, insertion.

A hormone that has a multifaceted effect on metabolism in virtually all tissues.

Medical device for the administration of insulin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Same as leukemia, Blood whitening, “blood cancer”. Tumor systemic disease of hematopoietic tissue.

A group of hematological diseases of the lymphatic tissue, characterized by enlargement of the lymph nodes and/or damage to various internal organs, in which uncontrolled accumulation of “tumor” lymphocytes occurs.

A distant secondary focus of a pathological process that arises from the movement of the agent that causes it (tumor cells, microorganisms) from the primary focus of the disease through the tissues of the body.

Congenital disease, facial nerve paralysis.

A group of metabolic diseases of connective tissue associated with hereditary metabolic abnormalities.

Another name is Wilms’ tumor. The most common type of malignant kidney tumor in children.

Malignant tumor of the sympathetic nervous system.

Birth paralysis of the upper limbs of the child. During childbirth, the brachial plexus is sometimes damaged. The child may receive an injury that threatens disability.

A mutant gene that causes cancer. A mutant BCR-ABL gene is found in some subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoid leukemia, lymphomas, and almost all patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

The process of degeneration, aging, degradation of cartilage tissue and its transformation into something similar to bone.

A genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility.

Malignant tumor of bone.

Neurological syndrome, weakening of voluntary movements caused by damage to the motor centers.

The same as a birthmark – a pigmented (colored) formation on the skin, which contains nevus cells.

A property of malignant cells that makes them resistant to several different classes of drugs at the same time.

It is used mainly for the treatment of malignant tumors. The radiation is created using special devices that use a radioactive source.

The return of a disease after remission has been achieved as a result of treatment.

Disappearance of a disease, usually as a result of treatment. Complete remission – disappearance of all symptoms of the disease. Partial remission – the patient’s condition has improved dramatically as a result of treatment, but some manifestations of the disease still remain.

The ability of cancer cells to survive and multiply despite the effects of drugs that would normally kill such cells or slow their multiplication.

A malignant tumor of the eye that develops primarily in childhood from tissues of embryonic origin.

A malignant tumor that develops from elements of striated muscle.

A group of malignant tumors composed of immature connective tissue.

Lateral curvature of the spine. Most often acquired (at the age of 5-15 years), but can also be congenital. Incorrect posture of children During class leads to uneven load on the spine and back muscles.

Special cells of living organisms, each of which is capable of subsequently receiving specialization and further developing as an ordinary cell

Narrowing of the physiological opening or lumen of a tubular organ, which is caused by a tumor, scarring due to an inflammatory process, ulcer, or injury.

A special elastic metal or plastic structure made in the form of a cylindrical frame, which is placed in the lumen of hollow organs and ensures the expansion of the area narrowed by the pathological process.

Surgery to place a stent.

A tumor composed of various tissues. Teratomas most often form in the testicles and ovaries.

Wandering nerve. It received this name due to its wide distribution.

It is performed using a subcutaneous stimulator. It is used in the treatment of epilepsy if drug treatment does not work or leads to significant side effects, and surgical intervention is impossible for one reason or another.

A general name for surgical operations to restore the dysfunction of a heart valve.

One of the most common congenital heart defects. In this case, there is a hole (defect) in the septum between the right and left ventricles of the heart, through which oxygen-rich blood flows from the left ventricle to the right, where it mixes with oxygen-poor blood.

A professional field of medicine that studies diseases of the spine and back in general, and develops treatment methods.